ABSTRACT
Central venous lesion is a difficult problem in the vascular access complications of hemodialysis, which can cause serious clinical symptoms and affect the quality of hemodialysis and life of patients. We established arteriovenous fistula of the contralateral graft blood vessel with the used vein on the diseased side of the central vein of the patient. The arteriovenous fistula of the graft blood vessel was successfully punctured and hemodialysis was performed 2 weeks later. In this way, we not only solved the problem of venous hypertension and subsequent vascular access in the patient, but also reserved more vascular resources.
Subject(s)
Humans , Arteriovenous Shunt, Surgical/adverse effects , Blood Vessel Prosthesis Implantation , Treatment Outcome , Renal Dialysis , Arteriovenous FistulaABSTRACT
Objective@#This study aimed to assess the risk of cumulative exposure to Pb, Cd, Hg, and iAs through aquatic products consumed by Chinese people.@*Methods@#Heavy metal concentration data were obtained from the national food contamination monitoring program during 2013-2017. Consumption data were derived from the China National Food Consumption Survey in 2014 and the relative potency factor (RPF) method was used to estimate cumulative exposure for neurotoxicity and nephrotoxicity.@*Results@#The results demonstrated that the cumulative exposure based on neurotoxicity was below the lower confidence limit on benchmark doses of lead (BMDL @*Conclusion@#The cumulative exposures of the 2-6 year-old group to the four heavy metals did not reach (but came close to) the corresponding safety threshold for both neurotoxicity and nephrotoxicity. Given that there are still other food sources of these four heavy metals, it is necessary to more closely study their cumulative health effects.
Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Animals , Child , Child, Preschool , Humans , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Arsenic/analysis , Dietary Exposure/analysis , Environmental Monitoring , Food Contamination/analysis , Metals, Heavy/analysis , Risk Assessment , Seafood/analysis , Water Pollutants, Chemical/analysisABSTRACT
Objective • To analyze the correlation between CITED2 gene mutation and situs inversus. Methods • A total of 24 patients with situs inversus and 100 healthy controls were collected. The genomic DNA was isolated from their peripheral blood. PCR and Sanger sequecing were employed to analyze the exons of CITED2. The potential effect of the mutation was characterized by the software Sift, PolyPhen-2, PROVEAN and Mutation Taster. The Y. Zhang laboratory server was used to predict the three-dimensional structure of the protein, and the SWISS-PdbViewer was imported to see the impacts of the mutation on the protein structure. Results • A novel heterozygous CITED2 mutation c.418C>T (p.P140S) was identified in 1 patient with situs inversus, which was absent in all controls. The novel heterozygous p.P140S mutation was predicted to be pathogenic by SIFT and Mutation Taster. The SWISS-PdbViewer showed that the mutation p.P140S caused all three hydrogen bonds on the aspartic acid at position 137 to be disconnected, and an abnormal weak hydrogen bond was re-established between the serine at position 140 and the alanine at position 142. Conclusion • The novel heterozygous mutation c.418C>T (p.P140S) may affect the biological activity of CITED2 and may be related to situs inversus.